Background: Access to precise information about sexual behaviors is an essential need for a favorable marital life. In the context of Afghan society culture, unawareness about sex issues in offspring on the verge of marriage could lead to an undesirable sexual function. The present study aimed to determine the effect of face-to-face sex education on the sexual function of adolescent female Afghan immigrants. Methods: This was a quasi-experimental study with a Pre-test-Post-test and a control group design. This research was conducted in the immigrant neighborhoods of Mashhad City, east of Iran, in 2018. Two charity centers with the largest numbers of Afghan immigrants were randomly selected as the case and control centers. A continuous sampling technique was applied to select the study participants. Besides, women who met the study inclusion criteria completed a demographic questionnaire and the Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) before and at 4 and 8 weeks after the intervention. In addition to the center’ s routine programs, the experimental group received face-to-face education through PowerPoint slides, while the control group only received routine training of the center. The collected data were analyzed by SPSS using descriptive and inferential statistics. Results: There was no significant difference in the sexual function scores between the two study groups before the intervention (P=0. 850), while there was a significant difference between them after 4 (P=0. 003) and 8 weeks (P<0. 001) of intervention provision. Conclusion: Face-to-face sexual training improved sexual function in adolescent female Afghan migrants; therefore, this training method could be used for sexual education in young female immigrants.

Introduction: Regular physical activity is very effective in preventing or delaying chronic diseases and premature death in the elderly. Objective: This study aimed to compare the effect of face-to-face education and e-learning methods on the physical activity of the elderly. Materials and Methods: This is a quasi-experimental study conducted in Karaj, Iran in 2018. The participants were 88 elderly people referred to a senior rehab center and then were assigned into three groups of face-to-face education (n=30), e-learning (n=28), and control (n=30). The study data were collected by a demographic form and the 41-item Community Healthy Activities Program for Seniors questionnaire (CHAMPS) before the intervention, 1 month after the intervention, and 3-month follow-up. Face-to-face education and e-learning were presented to the two educational groups’ during eight 20-minute sessions. The obtained data were analyzed using ANOVA, Bonferroni post hoc test, the Chi-square test, and repeated measures ANOVA. The significance level was set at 0. 05. Results: Between the two educational groups, a significant difference was observed in the mean score of physical activity at three measurement phases (P=0. 001). The effect size was 0. 61 for face-to-face education and 0. 64 for e-learning. Based on the results of the Bonferroni post hoc test, there was no significant difference between e-learning and face-to-face education groups. Conclusion: Both face-to-face and e-learning methods were effective in promoting the physical activity behavior of the elderly. E-learning method can be used as one of the complementary methods of traditional education for improving the physical activity of the elderly.

Introduction: Phenylketonuria (PKU) is a congenital metabolic disorder of Phenylalanine, If which, the diet is not to be followed exactly, it can lead to progressive mental retardation. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of face to face and non-face to face trainings by parental on controlling serum phenylalanine levels in the children with Phenylketonuria.Materials & Methods: In the clinical trial, 45 patients (aged 1-18 years) with Phenylketonuria, having the inclusion criteria, along with their parents, were divided into three groups of 15 subjects randomly; intervention 1: face to face training, intervention 2: non-face to face training using booklets and pamphlets and 3:a control group. The knowledge of parents was assessed and recorded by a questionnaire; and phenylalanine levels in children were examined by a venous blood samples before and after intervention in all households. The paired t-test, Chi-square and ANOVA and Tukey tests were used for analyzing data.Results: There was no significant difference for parents' knowledge prior to the intervention in the groups, but after the intervention, there was a significant difference in the intervention group compared to the control group (p=0.006). The educational intervention (face to face and non-face to face trainings) enhanced the knowledge of the family. This increase was seen in the control group (p=0.086). For serum phenylalanine, although both educational methods led to reduce, but this reduction was significant only in the non-face to face method (p=0.015).Conclusion: This study showed positive effects of both educational methods on the amount of parental awareness; however, the non-face to face educational effectiveness of parents on phenylalanine levels of children was showed more outcomes. Therefore, the regular non-face to face education parameter should be included to follow-up of these patients.

Background and Aim: The use of tele-intervention services in audiology has grown exponentially, as it has the potential to address many of the key challenges during the pandemic. The present study focused on the survey of parental satisfaction on listening therapy of their Hearing-Impaired (HI) children in tele and face-to-face mode during COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: Parents of children with Hearing Impairment (HI) who attended tele and face-toface therapy sessions participated in the study. Group I participants were 25 parents of 0–3 years’ children with HI (mean age 1. 8±0. 25 y), while Group II had 25 parents of children with HI aged 3. 1–5 years (mean age 4. 1±0. 33 y). The adapted and validated questionnaire was administered. Results: Frequency count and percentage were detailed for all questions across groups. The chi-square test of association revealed a significant difference between the tele and face-to-face therapy across the ratings in both groups, with parents rating better satisfaction and therapy efficacy in face-to-face therapy compared to tele-therapy. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) revealed that few questions can best categorize the variance in satisfactory ratings between the two therapy conditions. Conclusion: The findings of the study showed that tele-listening therapy appears to be a promising rehabilitative option in the COVID-19 pandemic when factors affecting its successful implementation are considered, although in the present conditions parental satisfaction ratings are higher for face-to-face therapy.